Congestive Heart Failure Symptoms, Stages, & Classification - The ...
Feb 13, 2024 · Congestive heart failure is a potentially life-threatening condition that impacts millions of people. However, patients with congestive heart failure may be asymptomatic until functional remodeling of the heart occurs. 1 In addition, heart failure is often overlooked or misdiagnosed, particularly in older adults. 2 To help health care providers increase patient awareness, this article covers ...
Hypertensive Crisis, Urgency, & Emergency - The Cardiology Advisor
Updated: 05/20/2024. A hypertensive crisis is a severe increase in blood pressure (systolic ≥180 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥110 mm Hg). 1 Without immediate intervention, severe cases can be fatal. 1 There are 2 types of hypertensive crises: hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergency. 1 A hypertensive urgency is a severe elevation in blood pressure in an otherwise stable patient who does ...
Atrial Tachycardia: Diagnosis - The Cardiology Advisor
Dec 5, 2022 · Atrial tachycardia is a type of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PVST), a group of arrhythmias that originate above the atrioventricular junction. Atrial tachycardia can occur after an ablation for the management of atrial fibrillation. Patients presenting with atrial tachycardia may experience palpitations, lightheadedness, chest pain, or shortness of breath.
FFR: Fractional Flow Reserve - The Cardiology Advisor
Dec 5, 2022 · FFR Definition & Description. FFR is defined as ratio of pressure measured in coronary segment distal to stenosis (Pd) and pressure measured proximal to stenosis, usually aortic pressure (Pa) or pressure measured in healthy proximal coronary segment. Fractional flow reserve formula is FFR = Pd/Pa. 3 FFR is measured using guidewires equipped ...
Antianginal Drugs - The Cardiology Advisor
Nov 17, 2022 · Antianginal Drugs in Summary. Angina is chest pain or chest discomfort due to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. 1,2 Angina is a predictor of future cardiovascular events; therefore, angina treatment goals are to prevent myocardial infarction (MI) and death, and to alleviate symptoms of angina. 1-3 Antianginal drugs work ...
How Long to Discontinue Apixaban for Optimal Concentration …
December 30, 2021. Patients achieved optimal serum apixaban levels when discontinuing use 60 hours or more prior to invasive or major surgery, according to clinical trial results published in Vascular Medicine. Apixaban Discontinuation for Invasive Or major Surgical procedures (ADIOS) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02935751) was a single ...
PCI vs CABG - The Cardiology Advisor
Dec 5, 2022 · Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are two options for the treatment and management of coronary artery disease. Advancements in imaging techniques, including computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, intravascular ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography, have improved the detection of patients’ needs for PCI vs CABG interventions.
Lidocaine Antiarrhythmic Uses - The Cardiology Advisor
Mar 14, 2024 · Side Effects of Lidocaine (Intravenous) The 3 broad categories of adverse side effects associated with intravenous (IV) lidocaine are central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular, and allergic reactions. 5. Central nervous system side effects of lidocaine may include the following 5: Respiratory depression and arrest.
Nitroprusside - The Cardiology Advisor
Dec 5, 2022 · Sodium nitroprusside is a potent, fast-acting, and titrable vasodilator used for a variety of indications approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), including acute heart failure with decompensation, acute hypertensive emergencies, perioperative hypotension induction, and reduction of bleeding during surgery. Off-label uses for nitroprusside include acute ischemic stroke associated ...
Chest Pain Differential Diagnosis - The Cardiology Advisor
Chest pain is a prevalent medical complaint with a wide range of differential diagnoses. Life-threatening chest pain accounts for 5% of all emergency department visits. Chest pain can be caused by acute coronary syndrome, gastroesophageal reflux disease (the most common non-cardiac cause of chest pain), pulmonary embolisms, pericarditis, or musculoskeletal factors. Complaints of chest pain ...