Since the Galwan clash, the two leaders have only one formal meeting which was held on the sidelines of the BRICS Summit in South Africa's Johannesburg in August 2023. There has also been a brief informal interaction during the G20 summit in Indonesia's Bali.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi will meet Chinese President Xi Jinping on Wednesday during the BRICS summit in Russia. This will be their first formal discussion since the border tensions flared up in eastern Ladakh in May 2020.

In talks with Putin at the centuries-old Kazan Kremlin, Xi underlined that China-Russia relations have weathered storms and forged ahead, achieving a series of groundbreaking results and exploring a path for neighboring major powers to coexist through nonalignment and nonconfrontation and without targeting any third party.